Even and Odd Stock Splits: Understanding Contract Adjustments – December 5, 2020
Contract adjustments to the terms of our covered call writing and put-selling options are due to corporate actions like mergers and acquisitions (see the thread on last week’s blog commentary regarding AAN), special dividends and stock splits. Stock splits fall into 3 categories:
- Even splits
- Odd splits
- Reverse splits: (1-for 5, as an example)
This article will highlight the contract alterations resulting from even and odd stock splits.
Even stock splits
Definition and example
- Whole shares are issued for each share owned
- Example is a 2-for-1 stock split
Contract adjustments for a 2-for-1 stock split
- Number of contracts is multiplied by 2
- Deliverables (stock, cash that changes hands on exercise) is unchanged (100 split shares)
- Strike price is divided by 2
- Multiplier (# to calculate total premium) is unchanged at 100
- Option symbol remains unchanged
Real-life example with Ball Corporation (NYSE: BLL)
The $40.00 strike becomes a $20.00 strike as the number of contracts double.
Odd stock splits
Definition and example
- 1 Whole + fractional share are issued for each share owned
- Example is a 5-for-4 stock split
Contract adjustments for a 5-for-4 stock split
- Number of contracts remains the same
- Deliverables (stock, cash that changes hands on exercise) is multiplied by 1.25
- Strike price is divided by 1.25
- Multiplier (# to calculate total premium) is adjusted to 1.25
- Option symbol is adjusted to reflect new contract terms
Real-life example with HEICO Corp. (NYSE: HEI)
The $70.00 strike becomes a $56.00 strike as it is divided by the multiplier of 1.25.
Discussion
There is no single formula for all contract adjustments. However, they do fall into certain categories. This article highlights the basic contract adjustments for even and odd stock splits. When these events occur, we must understand the terms of the adjustment so we can make the most appropriate investment decisions.